States · Virginia · Lake Moomaw

Lake Moomaw, Virginia

A 2,530-acre USACE reservoir on the Jackson River in Bath County, surrounded entirely by George Washington and Jefferson National Forests. No residential development exists and none is possible -- all 43 miles of shoreline is federal public land. Brown trout reach 25 inches. No trout license required. The Jackson River below Gathright Dam is one of Virginia's premier wild trout tailwaters -- though a 1996 Supreme Court case has blocked 0.75 miles of public access below the dam since then.

2,530 acresUSACE Gathright DamJackson RiverNo lakefront homesGeorge Washington NFBrown trout to 25 inchesBath County
Size
2,530 acres, 43 miles of shoreline
Max Depth
152 feet
Operator
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Norfolk District
River
Jackson River (Gathright Dam)
Counties
Bath County (primary), Alleghany County (edge)
Constructed
1975 to 1979
Named For
Benjamin Cline Moomaw Jr., 'Father of Gathright Dam'
Surrounding Land
George Washington & Jefferson National Forests
Lakefront Homes
None -- all shoreline is public National Forest land
Bath County Tax
Approx $0.450 per $100
Trout License
No trout license required at Lake Moomaw
Data Verified
June 2026
The Critical Distinction

The most remote lake in Virginia -- no homes, all National Forest

National Forest owns every acre of shoreline

George Washington and Jefferson National Forests surround Lake Moomaw entirely. The lake was created when Gathright Dam was constructed by the USACE in 1975-1979 on land that was already federal National Forest. Unlike USACE reservoirs like Philpott Lake where the Corps bought land from private owners before dam construction, the Moomaw project was built into an existing block of National Forest land. The result is 43 miles of shoreline where the land management transitions directly from USACE project boundary to National Forest -- no private land exists at the water's edge anywhere on the lake.

Brown trout reach 25 inches -- no trout license required

Virginia DWR maintains a two-story fishery at Lake Moomaw: rainbow trout and brown trout in the cool deep water, warmwater species in the shallower areas. DWR stocks McConaughy rainbow trout and alewives to serve as forage for the trout population. Brown trout reach 25 inches, and DWR sampling found that 75 percent of sampled brown trout exceeded 16 inches -- an exceptional size structure for a Virginia lake fishery. No trout fishing license is required to fish at Lake Moomaw specifically, and no National Forest recreation stamp is required either -- a cost advantage over some other mountain trout fishing destinations.

The Kraft v. Burr access problem on the Jackson River tailwater

The Jackson River below Gathright Dam is one of Virginia's premier wild trout tailwaters -- the cold, oxygenated water released from the dam sustains a trophy trout fishery downstream that draws fly anglers from across the mid-Atlantic. But access to the river has been complicated since 1996, when the Virginia Supreme Court in Kraft v. Burr ruled in favor of four private landowners who own land along a 0.75-mile stretch of the Jackson River below the dam. The ruling has blocked public wading access to that stretch for decades, creating an ongoing access controversy that any visitor to the Jackson River tailwater needs to understand before planning a trip.

Named for the man who fought 40 years to build the dam

Lake Moomaw is named after Benjamin Cline Moomaw Jr. of Covington, Virginia -- known as the 'Father of Gathright Dam' because of his decades-long advocacy for the project. Moomaw began lobbying for the dam in the 1930s after flood damage to Covington and downstream communities, and continued advocating through Congress and the USACE authorization process for over 40 years. The USACE officially named the reservoir after him in recognition of his role in making the project a reality. Construction began in 1975 and was completed in 1979. The dam itself is called Gathright Dam, named for the Gathright family whose land was in the project area.

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What Buyers Need to Know First
What Nobody Tells You About Lake Moomaw Virginia
There are no lakefront homes at Lake Moomaw -- George Washington National Forest owns all 43 miles of shoreline. The Jackson River downstream is a premier wild trout tailwater, but a 1996 Virginia Supreme Court ruling (Kraft v. Burr) means four landowners have blocked 0.75 miles of public river access below the dam for decades. No trout license required at Lake Moomaw. Brown trout reach 25 inches.
Lake Moomaw Water Levels -- USACE Gathright Dam Flood Control & Seasonal Management
Lake Moomaw is a USACE flood-control reservoir managed by Gathright Dam on the Jackson River. USACE maintains flood storage capacity through winter pool management. 2,530 acres, 152 feet deep at full pool. How USACE level management at a Bath County mountain reservoir differs from AEP lake operations.
The Real Cost of Living Near Lake Moomaw -- Bath County Taxes & Hot Springs Area
No lakefront homes means no waterfront premium at Lake Moomaw. Bath County approx $0.450 per $100. Nearby communities: Covington (Alleghany County), Hot Springs/Warm Springs (Bath County). Private wells and septic standard. What living near Virginia's most remote federal mountain lake actually costs.
Property & Ownership Context
Bath County Property Tax Near Lake Moomaw -- Approx $0.450 per $100 & Hot Springs Area
Bath County property tax approximately $0.450 per $100. Alleghany County (Covington) an alternative base for Lake Moomaw visitors. Bath County has some of Virginia's lowest population density and most affordable real estate -- no lakefront premium possible when all shoreline is National Forest land.
Insurance Near Lake Moomaw Virginia -- No Dock Coverage, Jackson River Tailwater & Remote Location
No private docks at Lake Moomaw, eliminating dock insurance questions. Insurance for homes near the lake covers rural Bath and Alleghany County properties. Jackson River downstream from Gathright Dam -- flood zone considerations for tailwater properties. Remote location ISO fire ratings affect insurance cost.
Lake Moomaw Dock Permits -- None Exist: USACE and National Forest Own All Shoreline
No private docks at Lake Moomaw and none can be permitted. USACE Gathright Dam project and George Washington National Forest together control all 43 miles of shoreline. Public boat ramps at Bolar Flats on the north end provide the only water access. Fundamentally different from any AEP-licensed Virginia lake.
Buying Real Estate Near Lake Moomaw -- Covington, Bath County & Hot Springs Area Options
Buying near Lake Moomaw means buying in Bath County (Hot Springs, Warm Springs, Millboro) or Alleghany County (Covington). Bolar Flats marina on the north end is the primary access point. Bath County's remote mountain character and Alleghany County's Covington industrial town contrast sharply. Which works better for the buyer's lifestyle.
Communities Near Lake Moomaw -- Bath County Hot Springs & Alleghany County Covington
Hot Springs and Warm Springs in Bath County are the resort character towns closest to the lake. Covington in Alleghany County is the nearest city with full services. Bath County is one of Virginia's least-populated counties -- the nearest town to the lake feels remote even by rural Virginia standards. What community looks like near Virginia's most isolated mountain lake.
Life Near the Lake
Retiring Near Lake Moomaw Virginia -- Bath County Isolation, Hot Springs Resort Culture & Trout Fishing
Bath County offers Virginia's most isolated mountain retirement. The Homestead Resort at Hot Springs brings a resort-town cultural baseline that other remote VA counties lack. No lakefront premium. Premier trout fishing without a trout license required. Alleghany County's Covington provides urban services 20-25 miles away. The retirement case for Virginia's most remote lake.
Boating at Lake Moomaw Virginia -- Bolar Flats Marina, 2,530 Acres & No Private Docks
Bolar Flats marina on the north end provides the primary boat access to Lake Moomaw -- slips, launches, and supplies. All motorized watercraft permitted. 2,530 acres of mountain lake surrounded entirely by National Forest. 152-foot maximum depth. No private docks. How to plan a Lake Moomaw boating trip in Virginia's most remote federal lake setting.
Fishing at Lake Moomaw Virginia -- Brown Trout 25 Inches, Rainbow Trout & No Trout License Required
Brown trout reach 25 inches with 75% of sampled fish over 16 inches. DWR stocks McConaughy rainbow trout plus alewives as forage. No trout license or National Forest permit stamp required at Lake Moomaw. Jackson River downstream: premier wild trout tailwater -- but Kraft v. Burr 1996 VA Supreme Court blocks 0.75 miles below dam by four private landowners. Two-story fishery explained.
Year-Round Living Near Lake Moomaw Virginia -- Bath County Isolation & Covington Services
Bath County is one of Virginia's least-populated counties. The Homestead Resort at Hot Springs provides a resort-town amenity baseline that makes Bath County more livable than raw population numbers suggest. Covington in Alleghany County is 20-25 miles away for full urban services. Roanoke 75 miles. What year-round life looks like in Virginia's most isolated mountain lake county.
Community Near Lake Moomaw Virginia -- The Homestead Resort, Bath County Culture & National Forest Setting
Lake Moomaw has no lake community -- the George Washington National Forest is the neighbor on all 43 shoreline miles. The Homestead Resort at Hot Springs defines Bath County's cultural identity in a way that no other single institution defines any other Virginia lake county. What community looks like when the lake is surrounded by wilderness and the nearest resort is 15 miles away.
Things to Do Near Lake Moomaw Virginia -- The Homestead, Douthat State Park & Appalachian Trail
The Homestead Resort at Hot Springs: historic mountain spa resort with golf, skiing, spa, dining. Douthat State Park 15 miles with cabins, trout fishing in Douthat Creek, hiking. Appalachian Trail crossing within Bath and Alleghany counties. Jackson River tailwater fly fishing. What the most isolated lake in Virginia's recreation landscape delivers as a day-trip radius.
Dining Near Lake Moomaw Virginia -- The Homestead, Covington & Roanoke 75 Miles
The Homestead Resort at Hot Springs brings formal resort dining to Bath County that no other rural Virginia lake market can claim nearby. Covington (Alleghany County) for working-town restaurant basics. Roanoke 75 miles north. Lexington 35 miles east for college-town dining options. What eating out looks like near Virginia's most remote federal mountain lake.
Lake Moomaw Seasonal Recreation -- Spring Trout, Summer Mountain Lake & Fall National Forest Foliage
Spring: rainbow trout stocking begins, peak fishing before summer warming. Summer: mountain lake swimming and boating at Bolar Flats, coolest water temperatures of any Virginia AEP or USACE lake given 2,500-foot Bath County elevation. Fall: National Forest foliage surrounding 43 miles of shoreline, hunting season in the National Forest. Winter: ice fishing occasionally possible, Jackson River tailwater fishing continues year-round.
Practical Living Near Lake Moomaw -- Bath County Schools, Healthcare & Remote Mountain Logistics
Bath County is tiny -- Bath County High School serves the entire county's secondary students. Bath Community Hospital in Hot Springs is the primary local medical facility. Alleghany Regional Hospital in Covington for more complex care. Roanoke 75 miles for tertiary care. Remote mountain location means rural logistics -- private wells, propane heat, spotty broadband -- are the standard, not exceptions.
Vacation Rental Near Lake Moomaw -- The Homestead Tourism, Trout Anglers & National Forest Visitors
No lakefront rental inventory exists at Lake Moomaw -- National Forest owns all shoreline. STR demand near Lake Moomaw comes from Homestead Resort overflow, trout anglers accessing Lake Moomaw and the Jackson River tailwater, National Forest hunters and hikers, and Appalachian Trail section hikers. Bath County has no STR ordinance as of mid-2026. The investment case for Virginia's most remote recreational lake.

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